Epigenetics is
the new study of all the heritable changes which have a tremendous potential to
introduce new biomarkers in the Cardiovascular disease (CVD) field and also new
avenues for innovative research therapies.
Epigenetic mechanisms represent a stable
cellular memory that allows the propagation of gene activities from one
generation of cells to the next generation.
There are several pathological conditions
which affect the heart including Cardiac hypertrophy, Coronary artery disease,
hypertension etc. which leads to the failure of the heart.
Already, epigenetic modifications were
reported to play an urgent part in process underlying CVD, counting atherosclerosis,
irritation, and hypertension. To date, most of the restrictions for the
complete understanding of the hereditary impact on cardiovascular diseases (CVD)
are likely due to the inactive basic assessment of the DNA code.
In epigenetics, through the study of a few
energetic pathways, alter moreover the genome’s functionality under exogenous
impact, which may recognize novel mechanisms and targets within the control of
gene regulation, with noteworthy acquisitions in CVD information of its
hereditary risk and pathophysiology. In fact, epigenetic alterations such as
histones alterations, DNA methylation, and little noncoding RNAs occur in
response to natural changes. Pollution and diet will significantly alter these
epigenetic alterations and trigger susceptibility to CVD
There are several potential benefits of
using the epigenetic biomarkers such DNA methylation of specific genes or
miRNAs. As compared to the classical biochemical biomarkers present ones can
give valuable data about gene functions and phenotypes which would be helpful
for CVD diagnosis, outcome, prognosis, treatment monitoring and stratification.
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